---
title: Determination of carphedon in human urine by solid-phase microextraction using capillary gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection - Limitless Mindset
description: Carphedon is a phenyl derivative of nootropil and is effective in increasing physical endurance and cold resistance, and is used for amnesia treatment.
author: Jonathan Roseland
url: https://www.limitlessmindset.com/scientific-studies/910-determination-of-carphedon-in-human-urine-by-solid-phase-microextraction-using-capillary-gas-chromatography-with-nitrogen-phosphorus-detection
---

# Determination of carphedon in human urine by solid-phase microextraction using capillary gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection

[![Determination of carphedon in human urine by solid-phase microextraction using capillary gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection](https://www.limitlessmindset.com/data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAICRAEAOw==)](https://www.limitlessmindset.com/media/reviews/photos/original/97/44/b3/determination-of-carphedon-in-human-urine-by-solid-phase-microextraction-using-capillary-gas-chromatography-with-nitrogen-phosphorus-detection-26-1403545507.webp "Determination of carphedon in human urine by solid-phase microextraction using capillary gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection")

Carphedon is a phenyl derivative of nootropil and is effective in increasing physical endurance and cold resistance, and is used for amnesia treatment. Carphedon was extracted from human urine samples by solid-phase microextraction with a 65 microns carbowax-divinylbenzene-coated fiber. This analysis was performed by using capillary gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection and optimized at pH 9.6, 30% NaCl, immersion time 10 min and desorption in the GC injector at 250 degrees C for 3 min. The regression equation for carphedon showed good linearity in the range from 0.1 to 10 micrograms ml-1 for human urine samples. The limit of detection was 0.01 microgram ml-1. The developed method is more sensitive and simpler in sample preparation than liquid-liquid extraction and can be applied to doping analysis for stimulants.

### Scientific Studies & Papers

Source

Bioanalysis and Biotransformation Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Cheongryang, Seoul, South Korea

Date Published

1999 in The Analyst.

Scientific Link

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10746314

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